Hong Kong's hot and humid summers put dogs at risk of heatstroke. Knowing the warning signs and how to act quickly can be life-saving. Here's everything you need to know about canine heatstroke — from symptoms to first aid to prevention.

What Is Heatstroke (Heat Exhaustion) in Dogs?

Unlike humans, dogs cannot sweat through their skin. They rely primarily on panting and heat dissipation through their paw pads to regulate body temperature. When the environment is too hot or a dog overexerts itself, the body's heat production outpaces its ability to cool down — resulting in heatstroke or heat exhaustion.

A dog's normal body temperature ranges from 37.8–39.5°C. When it rises to 40–41°C, the dog has entered moderate heat exhaustion and needs immediate cooling and hydration. A temperature above 41°C is a critical emergency that can lead to organ failure or death.

• 37.8–39.5°C: Normal

• 40–41°C: Moderate heat exhaustion — act immediately

• Above 41°C: Severe heat injury — life-threatening emergency

Signs of Heatstroke in Dogs

• Excessive panting (most common sign)

• Lethargy and reluctance to move

• Behavioural changes — restlessness, aggression, or unusual quietness

• Rapid heart rate

• Laboured breathing

• Pale, red, or purple gums and tongue

• Muscle tremors

• Vomiting or diarrhoea

• Drowsiness, collapse, or seizures

5-Minute First Aid: 'Move – Cool – Hydrate – Monitor – Seek'

If your dog shows signs of heatstroke, act within the golden five minutes:

• Move — Bring your dog to a cool, shaded, or air-conditioned space immediately.

• Cool — Apply cool (not ice-cold) water or a damp towel to the abdomen, armpits, inner thighs, and paw pads. Use a fan to speed up cooling. Do not cover the entire body with a wet towel as this can trap heat.

• Hydrate — If your dog is conscious, offer small sips of water. Do not force water into its mouth.

• Monitor — Watch breathing, heart rate, and alertness. If seizures or loss of consciousness occur, begin CPR if trained.

• Seek veterinary care — Even if your dog appears to recover, bring them to a vet immediately for further evaluation.

⚠Do not use alcohol or fever medication. Prioritise: quick detection, quick cooling, quick transport.

3 Ways to Prevent Heatstroke

• Avoid peak heat hours — Walk in shaded areas and avoid hot asphalt, which can burn paw pads.

• Keep your dog hydrated — Bring water on every outing and offer it regularly.

• Never leave your dog in an enclosed space — Even with windows cracked, car interiors can reach dangerous temperatures within minutes.

About Concordia Pet Care

Concordia Pet Care is a 24-hour comprehensive veterinary hospital located in Happy Valley, Hong Kong. Our team is available around the clock — including nights, weekends, and public holidays — to provide emergency care when your pet needs it most. For urgent enquiries, please call our 24-hour hotline: 2679 1000.